Passive Voice
This is not so new for you as you may think. Slovenian language also uses the Passive but not so often as English. It is said that Slovenian doesn’t love the Passive but English does!
Let’s compare.
THE PASSIVE VOICE – TRPNIK (TRPNI GLAGOLSKI NAČIN)
1. ACTIVE (TVORNIK) – osebek je vršilec dejanja, je AKTIVEN, npr.
Franci beats Peter. Franci tepe Petra.
2. PASSIVE (TRPNIK) – osebek ni vršilec dejanja, je PASIVEN, npr.
Peter is beaten (by Franci). Peter je tepen (od Francija).
3. ACTIVE →→→ PASSIVE
Franci beats Peter. (ACTIVE → osebek (Franci) je dejaven, aktiven)
Peter is beaten. (PASSIVE → osebek (Peter) je nedejaven, pasiven)
4. FORMULA FOR CHANGING ACTIVE →→→ PASSIVE
- Poved v AKTIVU – Franci tepe Petra. Franci beats Peter.
- Ugotovimo čas povedi – Present Simple.
- Zanima nas, kaj se dogaja s Petrom – zanima nas dejanje in ne vršilec dejanja.
- Peter postane osebek (Kdo ali kaj je tepen?) – Peter
- Formula: Peter + …
subject/osebek + BE + Past participle (the 3rd form) or –ed + (by …)Peter ……………. is ………………. beaten ……………………. by Franci. |
6. Ker je izhodiščna poved v času Present Simple, glagol BE damo v sedanji čas (AM/IS/ARE):
Peter IS … |
7. Glagol iz izhodiščne povedi (beats) pretvorimo v 3. obliko (če je nepravilen) ali mu dodamo končnico –ed (če je pravilen):
Peter is BEATEN. |
8. Če nas zanima vršilec dejanja ali če je za razumevanje pomemben, ga dodamo:
Peter is beaten BY FRANCI. |
For detailed explanation with more examples and exercises go to http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive.